RAMS are particularly important in high-risk industries like construction, engineering, and manufacturing. It serves two main functions:
Risk Assessment: This is the process of identifying potential hazards associated with a task, evaluating the likelihood of those hazards causing harm, and implementing controls to reduce or eliminate the risk. The assessment also takes into account who might be affected, such as employees, contractors, or the public.
Method Statement: This part provides a step-by-step explanation of how the work will be carried out safely. It outlines the specific procedures, equipment, and control measures that workers must follow to minimise risks identified in the assessment.
What Does a RAMS Include?
Description of the Task: A clear overview of the work to be performed.
Hazard Identification: A list of potential risks or hazards (e.g., working at heights, exposure to hazardous substances, or operating heavy machinery).
Who may be harmed and how: This could be employees, other contractors, visitors and members of the public etc.
Control Measures: Actions that will be taken to mitigate risks (e.g., use of PPE, training, safety barriers).
Step-by-Step Method: Detailed instructions on how to safely complete the task.
When are RAMS Required?
In the UK, RAMS are needed in the following scenarios:
High-Risk Activities: When the work involves significant hazards, such as working at height, operating heavy machinery, handling hazardous materials, or working in confined spaces.
Client/Principal Contractor Requirement: Some clients, particularly in construction, may mandate a RAMS before work can begin as part of their safety policies.
Legal Obligations: While there is no specific legal requirement for RAMS in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, it often helps to comply with the law. Under this act, employers are legally required to ensure the safety of their employees and others who may be affected by their work. A RAMS can demonstrate that the employer has taken appropriate steps to assess and manage risks, which is essential under:
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, Requires suitable and sufficient risk assessment of all work activities
The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM), which mandates that contractors and clients must manage risks in construction work.
Why are RAMS Important?
Compliance: Helps ensure that employers comply with UK health and safety legislation.
Risk Mitigation: Ensures that risks are properly identified and managed, reducing the chance of accidents or injuries.
Worker Safety: Provides clear guidance for workers, ensuring that tasks are performed safely and systematically.
Accountability: Outlines who is responsible for safety measures and ensures there is a clear plan in place in case of emergencies.
When to Use a RAMS vs a Simple Risk Assessment?
RAMS is necessary when the task involves higher levels of complexity or risk, where both the risks and the methods to control them need to be documented in more detail.
Risk Assessment alone is usually sufficient for routine, low-risk tasks.