Activity is the number of minutes that you have been active throughout the day. Basically, it's the overall duration of your exercise in 24 hours, and that can include anything -  from a cardio or yoga class at the gym to fast walking. 

Each vendor has its way of identifying that time and calculating it.

For example, on Apple Health Activity Time corresponds to Exercise Minutes on the Apple Watch and Workout Minutes in the Apple Health app.

Whereas on Fitbit it is also called Activity.

If you want to learn more about how your device or app calculates Activity, please visit the website of your vendor.