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During a drought, the water levels in wells can decline, which can affect the quality and availability of well water. In some cases, wells may even go dry, especially if they are shallow or low-yielding. When water levels drop, it can expose geological formations to air, which can lead to changes in water chemistry. For example, the presence of iron oxide in the pipes can cause water quality issues.
Additionally, if the aquifer is contaminated, the concentration of contaminants in the water may increase as the water levels decrease. It’s important to note that the impact of a drought on well water quality and availability can vary depending on the specific aquifer and geological conditions. .
Best practices for well owners during a drought include:
Conserve Water: Implement water conservation measures to reduce the strain on your well during a drought. This can include fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and practicing water-saving habits.
Monitor Water Levels: Regularly check the water levels in your well to ensure an adequate supply. If you notice a significant drop in water levels, consider implementing additional conservation measures or seeking professional assistance.
Protect the Well: Take steps to protect your well from potential contamination during a drought. Ensure that the well cap is sealed and structurally sound, with no cracks or missing bolts. Keep the area around the well free from debris and prevent backflow by using backflow preventers on hoses and spigots.
Maintain Treatment Equipment: If you have treatment devices in place, follow a schedule for maintenance and filter replacement to ensure they operate properly during a drought. This can include cleaning filters and adding chemicals as needed.
Test Water Quality: Regularly test the quality of your well water, especially during a drought. Annual testing for coliform bacteria and nitrate is recommended.
Remember to consult local regulations and guidelines specific to your area for additional recommendations on caring for a well during a drought. If you have concerns about the quality and availability of your well water during a drought, it is recommended to consult with a water well contractor or a local health department for guidance.
Additional Resources
Drought Fact Sheet. Neha.org
Drought Monitor. Climate.gov
National Integrated Drought Information System. Drought.gov.
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