What is fracking, and can oil and gas drilling near my water well affect it?

Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a method used to extract natural gas and oil from deep underground rock formations. It involves injecting a mixture of water, sand, and chemicals at high pressure into the rock to create fractures, allowing the gas or oil to flow more freely. This process has been used to access previously inaccessible reserves of natural gas and oil. However, it has also raised concerns about potential environmental impacts, such as water contamination and seismic activity.

Oil and gas drilling can have an impact on water wells. The drilling process can potentially contaminate groundwater through various mechanisms such as the migration of methane gas, the release of chemicals used in the drilling process, and the potential for spills or leaks. It is important to note that the impact on water wells can vary depending on factors such as the proximity of the drilling site to the water well, the geology of the area, and the implementation of proper drilling practices and regulations.

If you have concerns about the impact of oil and gas drilling on your water well, it is recommended to consult local and state health departments, as well as your state Geological Survey. They can provide you with specific information and guidance based on your location. Additionally, some drilling companies may conduct pre and post-drilling water sampling in the vicinity of their operations. It is important to stay informed about the regulations and practices in your area to ensure the safety of your water supply.

Check out this National Groundwater Association position paper for an explanation.

Uhlman, K. A., Boellstorff, D. E., McFarland, M. L., and Smith, J.W. Facts about Fracking ........and Your Drinking Water Well. Texas AgriLife Extension Service. Texas A&M System.