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FAQ: What Are the Alternatives to 'Safe Harbour'?

Learn about the alternatives to AUSTRAC’s 'Safe Harbour' identity verification, including CDD, ECDD, Manual In-Person Verification and more.

Jordan avatar
Written by Jordan
Updated over 2 months ago

While ‘Safe Harbour’ is a streamlined customer identity verification process under AUSTRAC’s AML/CTF rules, law firms and other reporting entities can choose alternative methods depending on their risk assessment and compliance needs.


1. Standard Customer Due Diligence (CDD) (Non-Safe Harbour Approach)

What It Is:

  • A broader customer verification process that does not follow Safe Harbour’s simplified steps.

  • Law firms must take reasonable steps to verify the identity of clients but have more flexibility in how they do so.

Key Differences from Safe Harbour:

  • More flexible verification options (e.g., manual document review, in-person checks).

  • Does not require electronic verification but still must meet AUSTRAC’s risk-based approach.

  • Can be slower than Safe Harbour, as law firms must determine what constitutes sufficient verification for each case.

🔗 Relevant AUSTRAC Resource:
📄 Customer Identification and Verification


2. Enhanced Customer Due Diligence (ECDD) (For High-Risk Clients)

⚠️ What It Is:

  • A stricter, more in-depth identity verification process required when a client is high risk (e.g., a PEP, has complex corporate structures, or is from a high-risk jurisdiction).

  • Often includes verifying the source of funds, source of wealth, and conducting additional background checks.

⚠️ Key Differences from Safe Harbour:

  • More extensive identity checks, including document authentication and transaction monitoring.

  • Stronger fraud prevention measures (e.g., requiring biometric facial recognition or in-person identity confirmation).

  • Mandatory for high-risk clients, such as PEPs, those with suspicious activity, or complex ownership structures.

🔗 Relevant AUSTRAC Resource:
📄 Enhanced Customer Due Diligence (ECDD) Program


3. Manual In-Person Verification

🛂 What It Is:

  • Traditional method where the law firm manually verifies identity documents in person.

  • Often used in cases where electronic verification is not preferred or where the client lacks standard ID documents.

🛂 Key Differences from Safe Harbour:

  • More time-consuming than digital methods.

  • Greater control over document verification but less scalable for firms handling high volumes.

  • Not required by AUSTRAC but may be used in exceptional cases.

🔗 Relevant AUSTRAC Resource:
📄 Customer Due Diligence Requirements


4. Third-Party Verification Services

🔍 What It Is:

  • Law firms can outsource identity verification to an external AML-compliant verification provider.

  • Can involve a mix of document checks, database lookups, and biometric verification.

🔍 Key Differences from Safe Harbour:

  • More comprehensive options but may incur additional costs.

  • May include manual review services for complex cases.

  • Still must align with AUSTRAC’s compliance requirements.

🔗 Relevant AUSTRAC Resource:
📄 Reliance Under Customer Due Diligence Arrangements


Which Option Should a Law Firm Use?

For Low-to-Medium Risk ClientsSafe Harbour (Quick IDV or Face IDV) is the easiest and fastest method.
For High-Risk ClientsEnhanced Customer Due Diligence (ECDD) is required, and Face IDV or other biometric verification may be necessary.
For Unique Cases (No Electronic ID)Manual verification or third-party verification services may be needed.


How Realaml Helps

Quick IDV (Safe Harbour) – A fast, document-based ID verification that can be completed by the law firm or sent to the client.
Face IDV (Safe Harbour + Biometrics) – Adds biometric facial recognition for extra security, useful for higher-risk cases.
ECDD Support – Realaml’s solutions integrate with PEP & Sanctions Screening for cases that require Enhanced Customer Due Diligence.

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