Working Memory (Remembering and Processing)
Forgets multi-step directions
Needs frequent reminders
Loses track during activities
Starts a task but forgets what to do next
Difficulty completing routines independently (e.g., clean-up, lining up)
Needs visual or verbal prompts to stay on task
Struggles to hold rules of a game in mind
Repeat questions or ask, “What do I do?”
Inhibitory Control (Stopping Impulses)
Acts before thinking
Difficulty waiting or taking turns
Struggles to stop when asked
Calls out or interrupts frequently
Has difficulty keeping hands/body to self
Grabs materials or rushes into activities
Reacts quickly with frustration (yelling, pushing, etc.)
Difficulty lowering voice or body when prompted
Cognitive Flexibility (Shifting)
Gets “stuck” on one idea or activity
Difficulty with transitions
Becomes upset when plans change
Insists on doing things one way
Difficulty moving from preferred to non-preferred activities
Struggles to try a new strategy when something doesn’t work
Has trouble switching between tasks or roles
Needs extra time or support to adjust to new routines