Why modes matter
Tasks stop working when the load stops progressing. Modes let you layer pressure on any task to build a Cognitive Stack instead of endlessly swapping drills.
Principle
The task is not the stimulus.
The load is the stimulus.
Use modes to scale load, drive adaptation, and sustain progress.
Audiovisual Modes
What they are
Real-time audio and visual feedback that shapes decision-making.
Types
Visual − feedback on incorrect responses
Visual + feedback on correct responses
Visual +− feedback on both
Audio − feedback on incorrect responses
Audio + feedback on correct responses
Audio +− feedback on both
When to use
Build mental toughness
Reinforce desired actions
Correct errors quickly
Balance complexity with mixed cues
What to watch
Observe whether the athlete responds better to positive or negative cues. Over time, errors should decrease and corrections become faster.
Analytics
If Visual modes are applied, track the count:
Visual − only decreases on errors
Visual + only increases on corrects
Visual +− moves up or down with each response
EDM Mode
What it does
Shows feedback on every response and measures recovery after errors.
When to use
Improve error awareness and post-error decision-making.
How it works
Track EDM reaction time after each error
Compare EDM RT to the primary task RT
What to watch
The gap between EDM RT and task RT should shrink over time.
Analytics
Monitor both task RT and EDM RT. The smaller the gap, the faster the recovery after errors.
CSQ Mode
What it does
Adds 15 seconds to task time for each error. Consecutive errors during the penalty add more time.
When to use
Increase focus and accuracy for punishment-sensitive athletes.
What to watch
CSQ count and total added time should trend down over time.
Analytics
Track CSQ count and total time extension to confirm improved control under pressure.
DRT Mode
What it does
Measures attentional load by adding a secondary tap-to-signal task.
When to use
Assess task difficulty and track attentional capacity across a plan.
What to watch
A slower DRT RT than the primary RT indicates higher cognitive load. Aim to reduce DRT RT as capacity improves.
Analytics
Compare primary RT and DRT RT to measure attentional resource use.
Time to Exhaustion (TTE) Mode
What it does
Trains cognitive endurance by maintaining target RT under time pressure until failure.
When to use
Build mental stamina and sustained focus.
How it works
3-minute test sets target RT
Threshold = target RT + 20%
Task ends when the threshold is exceeded
What to watch
TTE time should increase while accuracy stays stable.
Analytics
Track TTE duration to measure endurance gains over time.
VPF Mode
What it does
Gives percentile feedback vs previous correct response to drive consistency.
When to use
Tighten reaction-time control and reduce variability.
What to watch
Reaction times should become steadier with fewer spikes or dips.
Analytics
Watch variation decrease as consistency improves.
Adaptive Mode
What it does
Auto-adjusts task difficulty to keep cognitive stress in the optimal zone.
When to use
Provide continuous challenge without manual tuning.
What to watch
As difficulty increases, accuracy should hold and variation should drop.
Analytics
Track reaction time, accuracy, and variation trends to confirm consistent progress.
HRZ Mode
What it does
Requires the athlete to stay within a chosen heart-rate zone during cognitive tasks. The task pauses if they move outside the zone.
When to use
Concurrent brain-body training with controlled physiological stress.
Zones
Z1 50–60% HRmax Z2 60–70% Z3 70–80% Z4 80–90% Z5 90–100%
What to watch
Cognitive performance should stay consistent within the target zone, with stable mean and minute-on-minute data.
Analytics
Track reaction-time trends and accuracy stability to confirm consistent performance under controlled heart-rate conditions.
CEM Mode
What it does
Athletes must reach a target heart rate and hold it for 3 seconds to respond.
When to use
Combine decision-making with escalating physical demand.
What to watch
Reaction times should improve over time as athletes adapt to physical and cognitive load.
Analytics
Track reaction-time trends to confirm faster responses and improved efficiency under physical fatigue.
AHR Mode
What it does
Guides athletes through multiple HR zones during a task, pausing if they move outside the target zone.
When to use
Train zone control and adaptability in one session.
What to watch
Reaction times and accuracy should remain stable across zones, with minimal variation in both mean and minute-on-minute data.
Analytics
Track reaction-time and accuracy trends to confirm adaptability and efficiency at different intensities.
AHV Mode
What it does
Adjusts cognitive difficulty in real time based on HRV changes.
When to use
Align cognitive load with physiological readiness.
What to watch
Monitor minute-on-minute HRV and mean data trends across the training plan.
Analytics
Track HRV changes for each task to identify which tasks create the highest physiological load and how the athlete adapts over time.
TSM Mode
What it does
Adds a secondary cognitive task to create a dual-task challenge.
When to use
Train cognitive agility, task switching, and divided attention.
What to watch
The gap between TSM RT and primary RT should narrow as the athlete adapts.
Analytics
Compare primary RT and TSM RT. A higher TSM RT indicates greater cognitive load; a smaller gap shows improved neural efficiency and dual-task control.
DPM Mode
What it does
Highlights performance drops with a pink timer bar.
When to use
Keep athletes alert to dips in focus or effort.
What to watch
Variation should decrease over time as focus and consistency improve.
Analytics
Monitor mean and minute-on-minute variation to confirm steadier performance and fewer lapses in focus.
PCM Mode
What it does
Each error triggers a sprint to HR Zone 4 for 5 seconds. Each additional error adds 5 seconds, up to 20.
When to use
Link cognitive mistakes to physical exertion to build focus and resilience.
What to watch
Total PCM count should decrease over the training plan, showing improved accuracy and mental control.
Analytics
Track PCM count and error trends to confirm progress in focus and error reduction.
TPM Mode
What it does
Applies a secondary timer that increases time pressure, forcing the athlete to perform quickly under stress.
When to use
Develop rapid decision-making and performance under pressure.
What to watch
TPM count should decline across the training plan as reaction times improve.
Analytics
Track TPM count, reaction time, and accuracy trends to confirm better speed and control under pressure.
Training Modes Summary
Mode | Core Function | Primary Goal | Key Metric to Watch |
Audiovisual | Real-time audio/visual feedback | Shape decision-making and behavior | Error rate, correction speed |
EDM | Feedback on every response | Improve post-error recovery | Gap between EDM RT & Task RT |
CSQ | Time penalties for errors | Build focus & punishment resilience | CSQ count, total added time |
DRT | Secondary tap task | Measure attentional load | DRT RT vs Primary RT |
TTE | Maintain target RT until failure | Train cognitive endurance | Time to exhaustion |
VPF | Percentile feedback per correct | Build consistency & control | RT variation over time |
Adaptive (ADM) | Auto-adjusts difficulty | Keep optimal cognitive stress | RT, accuracy & variation trend |
HRZ | Fixed heart rate zone | Maintain cognitive control under HR stress | Mean & MoM stability |
CEM | Respond via elevated HR | Combine decision & physical load | Reaction time improvement |
AHR | Move through HR zones | Train adaptability across HR ranges | Mean & MoM stability across zones |
AHV | Adjusts via HRV feedback | Match cognitive load to physiology | HRV trend alignment |
TSM | Adds secondary cognitive task | Train agility & dual-task control | TSM RT vs Task RT gap |
DPM | Highlights performance drops | Maintain focus under fatigue | Variation (Mean & MoM) |
PCM | Sprint penalty for errors | Build mental & physical resilience | PCM count & error trend |
TPM | Adds time pressure | Improve speed & decisions under stress | TPM count, RT, accuracy trend |