Reminder: This module computes the emissions of the manufacturing stage of the vehicle fleet of the company, it does not include use phase emissions (fuel combustion).
Please follow this link to learn how to fill this module.
This study allows you to select a wide range of vehicle types and motorization:
Motorization:
Thermal
Electric
Hybrid
Hydrogen
Vehicle types:
Urban Vehicles | City car |
| Sedan car |
| MPV |
| SUV |
| Utility vehicle |
| Sport car |
| Motorcycle |
| Scooter |
Heavy-duty vehicles | Van 8 m3 |
| Bus |
| Rigid trucks (With various carrying weight ranges) |
| Articulated trucks (with various carrying weight ranges) |
| Waste collection truck 21t |
| Refrigerated truck (with various carrying weight ranges) |
| Tractor |
Greenlyâs methodology for delivering the analysis
1. Construction carbon impact:
For each vehicle type and each motorization, an emission factor in kgCO2e/vehicle has been associated, along with a by default lifetime (5 years for motorcycles and scooters, 10 years for all other vehicles) and a reference weight in kg.
This database has different sources: ADEME, Ecoinvent, manufacturers data files and Greenlyâs expertise. Depending on the methodology used, calculations are processed as followed:
BEGES (for French companies) for owned or leased vehicles: the construction impact of a vehicle is taken into account, divided by the expected amortization period of the vehicle. For example, emissions related to a city car emitting 6700 kgCO2e at its construction and amortized for 10 years will register a 670 kgCO2e impact in the GHG assessment.
GHG Protocol for owned vehicles: the whole construction impact of a vehicle is taken into account only if it has been bought in the course of the studied year. For a 2022 GHG assessment, a car bought in 2021 will then have no construction impact registered.
GHG Protocol for leased vehicles: the methodology assesses that there is no construction impact to be registered for leased vehicles, usage impacts are taken into account.
In the data collection file, you have the possibility to indicate the weight and amortization period of each of your vehicles. This way, calculations will use these values instead of the by default ones and deliver results closer to the reality of your vehicles. If you donât have access to this type of data, the by default values allow getting universal results.
2. How are emissions computed?
Trucks
Trucks
The module is using emission factors for rigid and articulated trucks.
To compute those emission factors, Greenly experts followed those steps:
Take the typical mass value (when truck is empty) from ADEME's documentation (French Environmental Agency) on transport vehicles for the corresponding category. Itâs expressed in tons. For instance, the typical mass of a "Rigid truck - 7.5 to 12T" is 6 tons.
Multiply this mass by the GHG emissions per kg of weight corresponding to the manufacturing impact of this kind of vehicle. Here again, Greenly uses the values provided by the ADEME in the same documentation:
3 kgCO2e/kg of weight for heavy trucks (>3.5 tons)
4.5 kgCO2e/kg of weight for light duty vehicles (<3.5 tons)
⥠Those emission factors are only for thermal trucks.
If the motorization is hybrid or electric, then the module multiplies the âthermal" emission factor by a conversion factor:
thermal â> Hybrid : x 1.04
The "manufacturing emissions of a thermal truck / manufacturing emissions of an hybrid truck" ratio is equal to 1.15 [1]. However, the trucks do not have the same weight. Since we need to compare 1kg of a thermal truck with 1 kg of an hybrid truck, we multiply this ratio by the "(weight of a thermal truck / weight of an hybrid truck)" ratio, which value is 7100 kg / 7838 kg = 1.04 [2].
Sources:[1] Figure 15, p24 of Carbone 4 study
[2] Table 8, p23 of Carbone 4 study
thermal â> Electric : x 2.25
The "manufacturing emissions of a thermal truck / manufacturing emissions of an electric truck" ratio is equal to 3.45 [1]. However, the trucks do not have the same weight. Since we need to compare 1kg of a thermal truck with 1 kg of an electric truck, we multiply this ratio by the "(weight of a thermal truck / weight of an electric truck)" ratio, which value is 7100 kg / 10900 kg = 2.25 [2].
Sources:
[1] Figure 15, p24 of Carbone 4 study
[2] Table 8, p23 of Carbone 4 study
The calculation details are displayed in the module.
This methodology could be improved, but it ensures we always have :
electric emission factor > hybrid emission factor > thermal emission factor
Utility vehicles
Utility vehicles
Within this category, the module uses 3 emission factors:
Light Utility Vehicle
Worksite tractor
Dumb truck
Van
The methodology is similar as the one used for trucks.
Bus
Bus
Within this category, the module uses 3 emission factors:
Thermal bus: the Carbone 4 study (p21) provides an emission factor.
Electric bus: the Carbone 4 study (p21) provides an emission factor.
Hybrid bus: the Carbone 4 study (p21) does not provide an emission factor, so to obtain it, the thermal bus emission factor has been multiplied by the "thermal to hybrid" ratio for trucks, which comes from the same study.
Car
Car
For each car category (Sedan, SUV, etc), there are 3 emission factors:
thermal
electric
hybrid
Values come from the study "What contribution of the electric vehicle to the energy transition in France".
Only the manufacturing emissions are taken into account.
End-of-life emissions are excluded
2 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
Scooter: 2 emission factors:
thermal
electric
Values come from Ecoinvent 3.7.1
Moto: 2 emission factors:
thermal
electric
Values come from Ecoinvent 3.7.1
Bike: 2 emission factors:
mecanical
electric
Values come from Greenly client (confidential)
3. Important rules followed by the module
For GHG Protocol
Guidelines specify that vehiclesâ construction emissions are optional, so we are quite free here.
Vehicle Leasing:
Car is new + leasing is short-term: emissions = 0 (construction emissions are excluded)
Car is new + leasing is long-term : emissions = 0 (construction emissions are excluded), except if the acquisition year = year of the assessment (the first year of the leasing)
Vehicle Purchase:
Car is new + acquisition year = year of the assessment: construction emissions are included
Car is second-hand / refurbished: construction emissions are excluded
For BEGES
No distinction between leasing and purchasing.
We amortize emissions over 7 years:
(acquisition year - year of the assessment) < 7 years : emissions are amortized
(acquisition year - year of the assessment) > 7 years : emissions = 0
For GHG Protocol and BEGES
If the user does not fill the âowned / short-term rental / long-term rentalâ field, we consider that the vehicle is a new vehicle that is owned by the company.
If the user fills the vehicle weight or the vehicle model (that automatically gives us the weight thanks to the exhaustive database we bought), emissions are computed by multiplying the default emission factor provided by the ADEME (4.5 kgCO2e/kg for light vehicles, 3 kgCO2e/kg for trucks) by the âweight entered / reference weightâ ratio.