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Higher bounce rate than usual
Higher bounce rate than usual

What causes higher bounce rates and what you can do about it

Alexandra Skagerholm avatar
Written by Alexandra Skagerholm
Updated over a week ago

I'm experiencing a higher bounce rate than usual, why is that?

Email addresses found with Zaplify are averaging a bounce rate of 5-10%. Occasionally, however, bounces might come out higher. The reason for that is that while Zaplify is great at sending and analyzing emails, there are still a few "bounce mechanisms" difficult to prevent. Examples of such bounce reasons/mechanisms are:

  1. Spam filters: If the recipient's email server has strict spam filters, the email may be flagged as spam and bounce back to the sender.

  2. Blacklisted sender: If the sender's email server or IP address has been blacklisted, the email may bounce back or be blocked by the recipient's email server.

  3. Attachment size: Some email providers have limits on the size of attachments that can be sent, so if the attachment is too large, the email may bounce back.

  4. Full mailbox: If the recipient's mailbox is full, the email cannot be delivered, and it will bounce back to the sender.

  5. Email server issues: Sometimes, the recipient's email server may be down or experiencing technical difficulties, which can cause the email to bounce back.

What's good to be aware of is that there are two types of bounces: hard bounces and soft bounces. The "hard bounce" is difficult to control due to that it simply occurs because the recipient's email address doesn't exist. But the "soft bounce", you actually can control, and the best part is that this also is the most common type of bounce.

What are soft bounces and how can you avoid them?

A soft bounce means that the bounce is only temporary and that if you try again in a day or two, it will most likely not bounce at all. There are multiple things you can do to reduce the risk of soft bounces. The top 4 checks we recommend at Zaplify are:

  1. Make sure that you don't reach out from a brand new domain. If you are using a brand new domain, make sure to warm it up slowly before going full throttle with Zaplify.

  2. If your email address that you are using with Zaplify usually doesn't send a lot of emails, there is a risk that your email activity will seem suspicious at first if you go too hard with Zaplify the first couple of weeks when starting an email campaign. Make sure to set your campaign schedule to a level that is best fit for your account.

  3. Your emails might be marked as spam by the recipient. Usually, this happens if they contain irrelevant or too generic content, or simply if the emails are targeting an audience irrelevant to your content (read more)

  4. Make sure that your email domain is set up using best practices such as SPF-, DKIM- and DMARC DNS records in place. If you don't know what these are, you can ask your email administrator or IT admin.

How to know if an email is a soft bounce?

Some emails that are returned as undeliverable may not tell you why they couldn't be delivered, but most will provide a message or a code that indicates the bounce type. Knowing and interpreting bounce codes is the first step to distinguishing between these two types of undeliverable emails.

First off, check what the returning email bounce notification says – does it state that your email was "blocked"? If your email was blocked, it typically means that you have been temporarily blocked by the recipient's spam filter. This is one of the most common reasons we see. If the returning email however doesn't state that your email was "blocked", the natural next step would be to check if the email contains a 3-digit reason code, as to why the bounce occurred. Here are the most common soft bounce codes.

Bounce code

Bounce type

Description

421

Soft

Service not available

450

Soft

Mailbox unavailable

451

Soft

Error in processing

452

Soft

Insufficient system storage

520

Soft

Other or undefined mailbox status

521

Soft

Mailbox disabled, not accepting messages

522

Soft

Mailbox full

531

Soft

Mail system full

545

Soft

Network congestion

553

Soft

Too many recipients

If you feel like you are experiencing a high bounce rate (above 10%), we would recommend writing in the support chat and we will investigate further.

All bounce codes

For the techy reader, it might be useful to know more about all types of bounces, even the hard ones. Just in case, we have gathered a more comprehensive list below.

Bounce code

Bounce type

Description

421

Soft

Service not available

450

Soft

Mailbox unavailable

451

Soft

Error in processing

452

Soft

Insufficient system storage

500

Hard

Address does not exist

510

Hard

Other address status

511

Hard

Bad destination mailbox address

512

Hard

Bad destination system address

513

Hard

Bad destination mailbox address syntax

514

Hard

Destination mailbox address ambiguous

515

Hard

Destination mailbox address valid

516

Hard

Mailbox has moved

517

Hard

Bad sender’s mailbox address syntax

518

Hard

Bad sender’s system address

520

Soft

Other or undefined mailbox status

521

Soft

Mailbox disabled, not accepting messages

522

Soft

Mailbox full

523

Hard

Message length exceeds administrative limit

524

Hard

Mailing list expansion problem

530

Hard

Other or undefined mail system status

531

Soft

Mail system full

532

Hard

System not accepting network messages

533

Hard

System not capable of selected features

534

Hard

Message too big for system

540

Hard

Other or undefined network or routing status

541

Hard

No answer from host

542

Hard

Bad connection

543

Hard

Routing server failure

544

Hard

Unable to route

545

Soft

Network congestion

546

Hard

Routing loop detected

547

Hard

Delivery time expired

550

Hard

Other or undefined protocol status

551

Hard

Invalid command

552

Hard

Syntax error

553

Soft

Too many recipients

554

Hard

Invalid command arguments

555

Hard

Wrong protocol version

560

Hard

Other or undefined media error

561

Hard

Media not supported

562

Hard

Conversion required and prohibited

563

Hard

Conversion required but not supported

564

Hard

Conversion with loss performed

565

Hard

Conversion failed

570

Hard

Other or undefined security status

571

Hard

Delivery not authorized, message refused

572

Hard

Mailing list expansion prohibited

573

Hard

Security conversion required but not possible

574

Hard

Security features not supported

575

Hard

Cryptographic failure

576

Hard

Cryptographic algorithm not supported

577

Hard

Message integrity failure

911

Hard

Hard bounce with no bounce code found It could be an invalid email or rejected email from your mail server (such as from a sending limit)

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